A struct raw_pixblock contains 8 pixels packed into 14 bytes (each pixel has 14 bits). To read these 8 pixels, you can use PA ... PH. To write them, you can use the setter macros (SET_PA ... SET_PH).
When your struct raw_pixblock is on even lines (first line being 0), PA is red. When it's on odd lines, it's green. I always force the image to begin with a red pixel in order to simplify the coding (though the DNG spec and the CHDK guys like to do things a little more complicated by allowing the image to begin with any color).
There is a generic routine (raw_get_pixel), which is a little slower, but easier to use.