Just tried that again, this time with the July 15-th build. I first ExFat formatted the SD-card in the PC, then, without ML installed, performed a low-level format on it in the camera. Then I copied the files from the build onto the card in the PC. Then I installed ML and ran the sd-patch in the photo mode. Then I ran the benchmark test in the photo mode and got some very strange numbers for read and write speeds - 5005,3 MB/s and similar. Then I switched to video mode, activated RAW video and without touching anything else, started recording. I got immediately the "Card full" message and then card was unaccessible. Right now, I am formatting it again in the PC using the ExFat file system with the Quick option UNchecked.
My SD card seems to be OK. It is a genuine SanDisk indicating 90 and 95MB/s write and read speeds, respectively, when running the ATO benchmark test.
Thank God, it's working again, without overclocking, of course. I am stopping the overclocking experiments for now. It indeed seems too dangerous, to me too.